WFLHD, Fish Passage Through Steep Gradient Culverts

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Baker, C.O., and F.E. Votapka. 1990. Fish Pasage Through Culverts. Report No. FHWA-FL-90-006, USDA, National Forest Service, San Dimas, CA.

Barnard, B., 2003. Evaluation of the Stream Simulation Culvert Design Method in Western Washington, a preliminary study - Draft. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. August 2003.

Bates, K.M. 1992. Fishway Design Guidelines for Pacific Salmon. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, WA.

Browning, M.C. 1990. Oregon Culvert Fish Passage Survey. Western Federal Lands Highway Division, Federal Highway Administration, Vancouver, WA.

Bryant, M.D. 1981. Evaluation of a small diameter baffled culvert for passing juvenile salmonids. USDA Forest Serv., Pac. NW For. and Range Exp. Sta., Res. Note PNW-384.

Chang, F.M., and J. Norman. 1976. Design considerations and calculations for fishways through a box culvert. Hydraulics Branch, Bridge Division, Office of Engineering, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Clancy, C.G. and Reichmuth, D.R. 1990. A detachable fishway for steep culverts. North American Journal of Fisheries Management Vol. 10(2):244-246.

Ead, S.A., N. Rajaratnam and C. Katopodis. 2002. A generalized study of the hydraulics of culvert fishways. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE. Nov. p. 1018-1022.

Ead, S.A., N. Rajaratnam, C. Katopodis, and F. Ade. 2000. Turbulent open-channel flow in circular corrugated culverts. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 126(10): 750-757.

Jarrett, R.D. 1984. Hydraulics of high gradient streams. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 110(11).

Jarrett, R.D. 1990. Hydrologic and hydraulic research in mountain rives. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 26(3).

Katopodis, C., P.R. Robinson, and B.G. Sutherland. 1978. A study of model and prototype culvert baffling for fish passage. Can. Fish. Mar. Serv. Tech. Rep. 828: v + 78 p.

Katopodis, C., N. Rajaratnam, S. Wu, and D. Tovell. 1997. Denil Fishways of varying geometry. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, July 1997.

Maxwell, A.R., et al. 2001. Step-pool morphology in high-gradient countersunk culverts. Transportation Research Board, 2001 Annual Meeting, Paper No. 01-2304.

Papanicolaou, A.N.T., and A. Maxwell. 2000. Equilibrium geomorphological conditions for high gradient bed streams. Washington State Department of Transportation. WA-RD 479.1:

Paul, J., L. Dent, and A. Marganne. 2002. Compliance with Fish Passage and Peak Flow Requirements at Stream Crossings, Final Study. Oregon Department of Forestry. Technical Report 14, April 2002.

Rajaratnam, N., C. Katopodis, and S. Lodewyk. 1988. Hydraulics of offset baffle culvert fishways. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 15(6): 1043-1051.

Rajaratnam, N., C. Katopodis, and N. McQuitty. 1989. Hydraulics of culvert fishways II: Slotted-weir culvert fishways. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 16(3): 375-383.

Rajaratnam, N., C. Katopodis. 1990. Hydraulics of culvert fishways III: weir baffle culvert fishways. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol.17(4): 558-568.

Rajaratnam, N., C. Katopodis and M. A. Fairbairn. 1990. Hydraulics of culvert fishways V: Alberta fish-weirs and baffles. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol.17(6): 1015-1021.

Rajaratnam, N., C. Katopodis and S. Lodewyk. 1991. Hydraulics of culvert fishways IV: spoiler baffle culvert fishways. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol.18(1): 76-82.

Rajaratnam, N., C. Katopodis, and M.A. Sabur 1991. Entrance region of circular pipes flowing partly full. Journal of Hydraulic Research, International Association for Hydraulic Research, IAHR, 29(5): 685-698.

Rajaratnam, N., C. Katopodis, S. Wu, and M.A. Sabur. 1997. Hydraulics of resting pools for Denil Fishways. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, July 1997.

Robinson, P.R., and B.G. Sutherland. 1978. A study of model and prototype culvert baffling for fish passage. Can. Fish. Mar. Serv. Tech. Rep. 828: v + 78 p.

USDA, National Forest Service. Fish Passage Through Culverts An Annotated Bibliography. Six Rivers National Forest Watershed Interactions Team, Eureka, CA.

Watts, F.J. Design of Fishways. Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID. :1-62, 1974.

Zrinji, Z. and Bender, M. Experimental Risk Evaluation for Baffled Culvert Fishway Design. Department of Civil and Geological Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. :29:1-34, 1995. Water Resources Research.